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The real Trojan War

The abduction of Helen, the journey of the Greek fleet, the epic battles in the plain of Troy, until the conquest the city through the famous trick of the wooden horse: the Iliad and the Odyssey told us the course of the Trojan War to the smallest detail. A story that fascinates almost 3000 years, but has also raised many doubts about its veracity.

E 'credible what Homer says?

His poems are a true account of a historical event?

Or the Trojan War is nothing but a figment of the poet?

The cause of the outbreak of the Trojan War is traditionally identified ata in the abduction of Helen, wife of Menelaus, King of Sparta by the Trojan prince Paris, the son of Priam and brother of the heir to the throne Hector.

This explanation of the facts is more legendary than real: it is the justification for a war for personal reasons. But the issue of abduction of Helen may be a reflection of the importance in the Bronze Age was attributed to women to make or break alliances. The affront was to be vindicated in any case, as well as the theft of the royal treasury that Paris and Helen of Sparta had brought with him to Troy.

The most powerful kingdom of Mycenae in Greece was ruled by Agamemnon, who turned his brother Menelaus after the abduction of Helen. He was issued a general proclamation Mycenaean kings and all you decided to participate in the expedition: Nestor of Pylos, Achilles Phthia, in Thessaly, Diomedes of Tiryns in Argolis, Ajax of Salamis, Idomeneo of Crete. A powerful fleet gathered in the port of Aulis, where the gods demanded the sacrifice of Iphigenia, daughter of Agamemnon, and then set sail for Troy.

skilled navigators and pirates, the Mycenaeans were skilled in the actions of landing. On a signal from the master, with quick thrusts of the oars, the ships ran aground fore and crew members jumped to the ground protected by archers and slingers. The slingers, light infantry equipped with a sling, could hit an enemy 50 meters throwing away their bullets at a speed of nearly 200 km per hour, the archers could hit the target at 150 meters, or even 300 if utilizzavan away the so-called "compound bow," as that used by Ulysses to kill suitors of Penelope in the Odyssey, composed of a central piece of wood that were part of other materials with great force of propulsion, like the horns of wild goats. When the arc was at rest, had the ends bent in the opposite direction to what was taking place to launch, in order to mount and tighten the rope was needed great strength and skill.

Probably the Trojans tried to prevent the landing, but to no avail, so the Greeks could plant the camp and surrounded with a fence of stone and wood surrounded by a moat to protect themselves from enemy tanks. The city of Troy was difficult to conquer, as it stood on a hill 20 meters high, surrounded by a perimeter wall of 350 meters, 10 high and 4 meters thick. The Trojans then decided to remain on the defensive and do not face their opponents in the open field. To the Greeks had to make provisions of raids in the region and there were famines, discussions for the sharing of the spoils in this context, the dispute must be seen to Agamemnon and Achilles that led the latter, angry at having to hand over the slave Briseis, to refuse to continue fighting.

The class character of Mycenaean society, explains the fact that Homer emphasizes only the clashes between the leaders of the two sides and conflicts between the nobles of the same formation. The most important of which is narrated duels put against one another Achilles and Hector. Once dead Patroclus, Achilles' right arm at the hands of the Trojans, the "fast foot" to fight back and killed the son of Priam. The Iliad ends with Hector's funeral.

Hector, presaging his fate before going to fight met his wife and son. Andromache is distressed: he had seen killed by Achilles all his family can not miss her husband. Try to discourage him. "They put , t'ucciderà your courage, you have no compassion / son's tiny, wretched me, that's widow soon / I will be" (II. VI, 407-9)

The hero replied that combat is an act of responsibility to save the dignity of his family. Finally, the arms tends to Astyanax, but the child withdraws " frightened by the bronze and the crest haired / he saw waving at the top EMO"

The fierce Hector, touched, down his arms and raised her arms her son, Zeus, please reserve a glorious fate, so that it can repay the suffering endured by the mother. While going to fight Hector, Andromache returns home in tears. It 's you, in a poem dominated by lone warriors without suffering the most tragic hero. Astyanax is not spared: Neoptolemus, Achilles' son, throws him from the walls of Troy on the advice of Ulysses, so that Hector, who unlike the prolific Priam has only one child, still lives in his descendants. E 'Neoptolemus in the same lead then Andromache in Epirus, as a concubine and spoils of war.

Historical nr. 13/2010